Genetic engineering primarily involves the manipulation of genetic material (DNA) to achieve
the desired goal in a pre-determined way. Some other terms are also in common use to describe
genetic engineering.
Gene manipulation
Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology
Gene cloning (molecular cloning)
Genetic modifications
New genetics
A clone is an identical copy. This term originally applied to cells of a single type, isolated and
allowed to reproduce to create a population of identical cells. DNA cloning involves separating a
specific gene or DNA segment from a larger chromosome, attaching it to a small molecule of
carrier DNA, and then replicating this modified DNA thousands or millions of times through
both an increase in cell number and the creation of multiple copies of the cloned DNA in